• Target：
• eIF2α

• Fields：
• >>Autophagy - animal;>>Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum;>>Apoptosis;>>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease;>>Alzheimer disease;>>Parkinson disease;>>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis;>>Prion disease;>>Pathways of neurodegeneration - multiple diseases;>>Hepatitis C;>>Measles;>>Influenza A;>>Herpes simplex virus 1 infection;>>Lipid and atherosclerosis

• Gene Name：
• EIF2S1

• Protein Name：
• Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1

• Human Gene Id：
• 1965

• Human Swiss Prot No：
• P05198

• Mouse Gene Id：
• 13665

• Mouse Swiss Prot No：
• Q6ZWX6

• Rat Gene Id：
• 54318

• Rat Swiss Prot No：
• P68101

• Immunogen：
• The antiserum was produced against synthesized peptide derived from human eIF2 alpha around the phosphorylation site of Ser51. AA range:21-70

• Specificity：
• Phospho-eIF2α (S51) Polyclonal Antibody detects endogenous levels of eIF2α protein only when phosphorylated at S51.

• Formulation：
• Liquid in PBS containing 50% glycerol, 0.5% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide.

• Source：
• Polyclonal, Rabbit,IgG

• Dilution：
• IF 1:50-200 WB 1:500 - 1:2000. IHC 1:100 - 1:300. ELISA: 1:10000. Not yet tested in other applications.

• Purification：
• The antibody was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen.

• Concentration：
• 1 mg/ml

• Storage Stability：
• -15°C to -25°C/1 year(Do not lower than -25°C)

• Other Name：
• EIF2S1;EIF2A;Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1;Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha;eIF-2-alpha;eIF-2A;eIF-2alpha

• Observed Band(KD)：
• 38kD

• Background：
• The translation initiation factor EIF2 catalyzes the first regulated step of protein synthesis initiation, promoting the binding of the initiator tRNA to 40S ribosomal subunits. Binding occurs as a ternary complex of methionyl-tRNA, EIF2, and GTP. EIF2 is composed of 3 nonidentical subunits, the 36-kD EIF2-alpha subunit (EIF2S1), the 38-kD EIF2-beta subunit (EIF2S2; MIM 603908), and the 52-kD EIF2-gamma subunit (EIF2S3; MIM 300161). The rate of formation of the ternary complex is modulated by the phosphorylation state of EIF2-alpha (Ernst et al., 1987 [PubMed 2948954]).[supplied by OMIM, Feb 2010],

• Function：
• function:Functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA. This complex binds to a 40S ribosomal subunit, followed by mRNA binding to form a 43S preinitiation complex. Junction of the 60S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex is preceded by hydrolysis of the GTP bound to eIF-2 and release of an eIF-2-GDP binary complex. In order for eIF-2 to recycle and catalyze another round of initiation, the GDP bound to eIF-2 must exchange with GTP by way of a reaction catalyzed by eIF-2B.,PTM:Substrate for at least 4 kinases: EIF2AK3/PERK, GCN2, HRI and PKR. Phosphorylation stabilizes the eIF-2/GDP/eIF-2B complex and prevents GDP/GTP exchange reaction, thus impairing the recycling of eIF-2 between successive rounds of initiation and leading to global inhibition of translation. In case of infection by vaccinia virus or rotavirus

• Subcellular Location：
• Cytoplasm, Stress granule . Colocalizes with NANOS3 in the stress granules. .

• Expression：
• B cells,Brain,Fibroblast,Placenta,

Promotion of osteogenesis in BMSC under hypoxia by ATF4 via the PERK–eIF2α signaling pathway

Huaier Induces Immunogenic Cell Death Via CircCLASP1/PKR/eIF2α Signaling Pathway in Triple Negative Breast Cancer WB Human /MDA-MB-231 cells

Citrus alkaline extracts prevent endoplasmic reticulum stress in type II alveolar epithelial cells to ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis via the ATF3/PINK1 pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE Phytomedicine. 2021 Aug;89:153599 WB Human 1 : 1000 Lung A549 cell

Stress kinases, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and Alzheimer’s disease related markers in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from subjects with increased body weight. Scientific Reports 2016 Aug 02 WB Human PBMCs

PERK signalling pathway mediates single prolonged stress-induced dysfunction of medial prefrontal cortex neurons. APOPTOSIS Apoptosis. 2017 Jun;22(6):753-768 WB Rat 1:500 neurons

Overexpression of long non‐coding RNA NORAD promotes invasion and migration in malignant melanoma via regulating the MIR‐205‐EGLN2 pathway. Cancer Medicine Cancer Med-Us. 2019 Apr;8(4):1744-1754 WB Human A375 cell, WM35 cell

Effect of conditioned medium from adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells on endoplasmic reticulum stress and lipid metabolism after hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury and hepatectomy in swine. LIFE SCIENCES Life Sci. 2021 Dec;:120212 WB Pig 1:500 Liver

The combination of 1α,25dihydroxyvitaminD3 with resveratrol improves neuronal degeneration by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress, insulin signaling and inhibiting tau hyperphosphorylation in SH-SY5Y cells. FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY 2016 Apr 28 WB Human 1:1000 SH-SY5Y total cell

Effects of vitamin D and resveratrol on metabolic associated markers in liver and adipose tissue from SAMP8 mice. EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY 2017 Apr 12 WB Mouse liver, epididymal ,subcutaneous adipose tissue

HRI of Epinephelus coioides is a critical factor in the grouper immune response to RGNNV infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019 Feb 10 WB Fish 1:1000 Grouper spleen (GS) cell

Isorhamnetin protects against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2019 Jan 01 WB Human,Mouse 1:1000 lung A549 cell,HBECs

Rce1 expression in renal cell carcinoma and its regulatory effect on 786-O cell apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum stress. ACTA BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA SINICA 2017 Mar 01 WB Human 1:2000 renal cancer tissues 786-O cell

The combination of 1α, 25dihydroxyvitaminD3 with resveratrol improves neuronal degeneration by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress, insulin signaling and inhibiting tau hyperphosphorylation in SH-SY5Y cells." Food and Chemical Toxicology 93 (2016): 32-40.

Cheng, Jinbo, et al. "Vitamin D combined with resveratrol prevents cognitive decline in SAMP8 mice." Current Alzheimer Research 14.8 (2017): 820-833.

Combination of histidine, lysine, methionine, and leucine promotes β-casein synthesis via the mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling pathway in bovine mammary epithelial cells." Journal of dairy science 100.9 (2017): 7696-7709.

Wang, Zhichao, et al. "Citrus alkaline extract prevents endoplasmic reticulum stress in type II alveolar epithelial cells to ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis via the ATF3/PINK1 pathway." Phytomedicine (2021): 153599.

Cadmium induces liver dysfunction and ferroptosis through the endoplasmic stress-ferritinophagy axis ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY Jiacheng Wu WB Mouse

Shikonin potentiates therapeutic efficacy of oxaliplatin through reactive oxygen species-mediated intrinsic apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress in oxaliplatin-resistant colorectal cancer cells DRUG DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH Yajie Zhang WB Human,Mouse HCT116R-xenograft OXA-resistant CRC cells (HCT116R)

Fusaric acid inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis through triggering endoplasmic reticulum stress in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Yao Xiaoqiang WB Human 1:1000 MCF-7 cell

Ascomylactam C Induces an Immunogenic Cell Death Signature via Mitochondria-Associated ER Stress in Lung Cancer and Melanoma Marine Drugs Yun Huang WB Human,Mouse 1:500 A549 cell,LLC cell,A375 cell,B16F10 cell

Ferroptosis is involved in Staphylococcus aureus-induced mastitis through autophagy activation by endoplasmic reticulum stress INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY Lijuan Bao WB Mouse 1:1000 Mouse mammary epithelial cell(MMEC)

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