NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) is a department of the National Library of Medicine (NLM) under the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the United States. It provides a wide range of bioinformatics databases and tools that support biomedical research, education, and clinical practice worldwide. NCBI's databases and tools are open to global users for free, greatly promoting the dissemination and application of scientific knowledge. It mainly includes:
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The NCBI Gene database is a comprehensive resource that gathers global genetic information, including detailed data on gene sequences, functions, expressions, variations, and interactions with other biomolecules, providing fundamental genetic data support for biological research.
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GenBank is a comprehensive database of nucleotide sequences maintained by NCBI. It provides access to publicly available DNA and RNA sequences for over a million organisms. Essential for genetic and genomic research, facilitating studies in molecular biology and evolution.
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PubMed is a resource providing access to biomedical literature, including citations and abstracts from MEDLINE and other sources. It supports researchers and healthcare professionals in staying updated with the latest research in biology and medicine. Essential for evidence-based studies.
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The NCBI SNP database (dbSNP) contains a vast collection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and other small-scale genetic variations. It supports research on genetic variation within and between populations, aiding in the study of genetic mapping and association studies. Essential for investigating the role of SNPs in genetic diseases and traits.
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OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man) is a comprehensive, authoritative database of human genes and genetic disorders. It provides detailed information on the inheritance, clinical features, and molecular genetics of Mendelian traits. Essential for medical geneticists and researchers studying hereditary diseases.
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ClinVar is a database that aggregates information about genomic variation and its relationship to human health. It collects data on the clinical significance of genetic variants, supporting the interpretation of genetic test results. Essential for understanding the impact of genetic changes on disease.
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The NCBI Structure database provides access to 3D structures of biological macromolecules. It facilitates the study of protein and nucleic acid structures, aiding in understanding their functions and interactions. Essential for research involving molecular structures.
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The NCBI Protein database contains a comprehensive collection of protein sequences. It supports research on protein structure and function across different organisms. Ideal for finding and analyzing specific protein sequences.
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The NCBI Nucleotide database offers a vast collection of nucleotide sequences from numerous organisms. It is essential for researchers looking to analyze or compare genetic sequences. Ideal for accessing specific DNA and RNA sequences.
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The NCBI Assembly database provides access to genome assembly data from various organisms. It supports researchers in studying genome structures and variations. Ideal for accessing complete genome sequences.
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The Sequence Read Archive (SRA) stores raw sequence data from next-generation sequencing technologies. It facilitates data sharing and analysis in genomics research. Essential for accessing sequencing datasets.
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GEO DataSets, maintained by NCBI, is a public repository for gene expression and other functional genomics data. It allows researchers to query, analyze, and download datasets from a wide range of experiments, facilitating studies in gene expression patterns across different organisms and conditions.
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The Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) provides a comprehensive collection of genetic tests available for clinical and research purposes. It offers detailed information on the purpose, methodology, and validity of each test, serving as an essential resource for healthcare providers and researchers. GTR supports informed decision-making in genetic testing.
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Variation Viewer is a tool for exploring genetic variations within human genomes. It provides access to detailed variant information, supporting research into the genetic basis of diseases and phenotypes. Essential for analyzing sequence variations in a genomic context.
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BLAST is a powerful tool for comparing biological sequences to identify similarities and homologies. It facilitates the discovery of genetic relationships and functional insights across various organisms, making it essential for genomic research.
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UniProt is a comprehensive, high-quality and freely accessible database of protein sequence and functional information. It supports researchers in exploring the vast universe of proteins, detailing aspects from sequence to structure and function, making it an indispensable resource in proteomics and molecular biology.
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The Human Protein Atlas provides a comprehensive map of protein expression in human tissues and cells. It is an essential resource for exploring the distribution and function of proteins across different biological contexts.