Domain:Both CARD and transmembrane domains are essential for antiviral function. The CARD domain is responsible for interaction with DDX58 and IFIH1.,Function:Required for innate immune defense against viruses. Acts downstream of DDX58 and IFIH1/MDA5, which detect intracellular dsRNA produced during viral replication, to coordinate pathways leading to the activation of NF-kappa-B, IRF3 and IRF7, and to the subsequent induction of antiviral cytokines such as IFN-beta and RANTES (CCL5). May activate the same pathways following detection of extracellular dsRNA by TLR3. May protect cells from apoptosis.,miscellaneous:Cleavage by HCV protease complex leads to inactivation.,similarity:Contains 1 CARD domain.,subunit:Interacts with DDX58, IFIH1, TRAF2 and TRAF6. May interact with IRF3, FADD, RIPK1, IKBKE, CHUK and IKBKB. Does not interact with TBK1. Interacts with and is cleaved by HCV and hepatitis GB virus B NS3/4A proteases. Interacts with and is cleaved by HHAV protein 3ABC. Interacts with NLRX1. Interaction with NLRX1 requires the CARD domain.,tissue specificity:Present in T-cells, monocytes, epithelial cells and hepatocytes (at protein level). Ubiquitously expressed, with highest levels in heart, skeletal muscle, liver, placenta and peripheral blood leukocytes.,
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