PD-1/PD-L1 Characteristics of nano antibodies

- Extremely small size：Nanoantibodies are composed only of a single heavy chain variable region, which is about one tenth the size of traditional intact antibodies, allowing them to more effectively penetrate tissue barriers, including the tumor microenvironment.

- High stability：Has excellent physical and chemical stability, can maintain activity over a wide pH range, and is thermally stable.

- Easy to produce and transform：It can be efficiently expressed in microbial systems such as Escherichia coli and is easy to modify through genetic engineering techniques to meet specific experimental needs.

- Low immunogenicity：Due to its unique structure, nanobodies typically exhibit lower human immune reactivity, reducing factors that may interfere with experimental results.

- High affinity and specificity：Many nanobodies exhibit high affinity and specificity for target antigens, ensuring the reliability and accuracy of experimental data.

PD-1/PD-L1 Nano antibodies advantage

- Improving research efficiency：Due to its excellent penetration ability and high affinity, nanoantibodies can quickly and accurately recognize and bind to target molecules, accelerating the experimental process.

- Promote new discoveries：With its multifunctionality, nanobodies can not only be used to detect and locate specific proteins, but also developed into inhibitors or activators to explore new therapeutic strategies.

- reduce costs：Efficient production and stable properties mean lower preparation costs and longer effective lifespan, saving resources for scientific research projects.

- Enhance security：The low immunogenicity reduces the risk of data bias caused by non-specific immune reactions, ensuring the safety and consistency of the experiment.

In immunological research, PD-1 (Programmed Death Receptor 1) and PD-L1 (Programmed Death Ligand 1) are important immune checkpoint molecules. The interaction between them is crucial for regulating T cell activity, especially in the study of cancer immune escape mechanisms.

Based on this background, PD-1/PD-L1 targeted nanobodies are becoming a very attractive research tool.